![]() If seeds are not desiccation tolerant (also known as exceptional species, recalcitrant, or intermediate see “What Is a ‘Recalcitrant’ Seed?” and “What Is an ‘Intermediate’ Seed?” below) or you are only able to collect shoots, rather than seeds, see CPC Best Practice Chapter “Alternatives to Conventional Seed Banking”. In most cases, the aim is to store long-term (> 20 years). Conventional freezer storage is relatively inexpensive and highly accessible to many institutions. Seeds capable of conventional freezer storage (temperatures –18☌ + 3☌) are called orthodox (see “What is an ‘Orthodox’ Seed?” below). ![]() ![]() In other cases, you may need to conduct preliminary laboratory trials to determine whether seeds are viable or not, or desiccation tolerant or not. (See “Questions to Ask before Acquiring a Conservation Collection” and “Questions to Ask to Determine the Most Efficient Way to Preserve the Plant Tissue Long-Term.”) In some cases, you may need to do a reconnaissance trip to a population before you will be able to answer the questions about whether seeds are present or not. Prior to making seed collections, there are several considerations a practitioner can make depending upon the type of plant material that is available. Note that the international guidelines from FAO and MSBP are broad, encompassing advice for economically important and common species, the CPC guidelines pertain to collections of rare wild species and assuring that seeds can live long enough in storage to support a conservation mandate. In addition to using recommendations from our previously published guidelines (Wieland 1995), these updated guidelines incorporate protocols from FAO’s Genebank Standards for agriculture (FAO 2014), MSBP Seed Conservation Standards (MSB 2015), our research, as well as published research from around the world. While much has stayed the same, this updated version details some of the technological advances that have emerged over the last 25 years. The dedicated NLGRP staff, their excellent facilities, and collaborative research with CPC conservation officers have been central to our growing understanding of how to store seed while maintaining viability. These guidelines not only presented practical advice for preserving the genetic diversity of seeds of the rarest plant species in North America based upon the best science of the period, they blossomed from a partnership with the ARS-USDA National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation (formerly the National Seed Storage Laboratory) in Fort Collins, Colorado. In 1995, CPC published Guidelines for the Management of Orthodox Seeds (Wieland 1995). Similarities and Differences Among Seed Storage GuidelinesĬonventional seed banking is a fundamental plant conservation practice within the CPC network and around the world.
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